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Abstract:  ROMA AND “OUTLYING AREAS” OR METROPOLITAN AREA?   Rome was often described as a city without a rural area. Indeed, although at the time of the Italian Unification Rome appeared to be isolated in its own countryside, ancient relations bound the different areas lying beyond the city. This relation continued to evolve over the next two centuries so much so that the individual centers have retained thei autonomy and relations with the nearby capital. This essay provides an overview of these relations starting in 1870, with first “Italian” observers, through the liberal era which was characterized by significant-albeit inhomogeneous- transformations and up to the Thirties which, at least theoretically, marked the beginning of the integration between the capital and its surroundings into a future “metropolitan” area.