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Abstract:   WORKERS AND THE WORKERS’ MOVEMENT IN ROME Studies on the working class and the workers’ movement in Rome have been conditioned by political situations that influenced the themes and the perspectives that were adopted in these investigations. In fact, in the great majority of cases, historical analyses concerning the Roman working class have concentrated on ideological-political and organizational aspects, while the cultural and social traits of these movements have been ignored. Furthermore, this approach was closely intertwined with the debate on the delay and lack of industrialization of Rome. A careful analysis of these factors, allows a critical examination of the most significant studies carried out on Roman workers and pinpoints a series of research ideas regarding the Fascist era.