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Abstract:  A profile of the roman entrepreneur between 1870 and 1980   The industrial system of Rome expanded between 1870 and 1980 thanks to a group of businessmen who mostly came from other regions of Italy. The lack of a capital accumulation process and of a business oriented attitude in the period before Italy was united, obstructed the formation in Rome of a local entrepreneurial segment capable of concentrating investments in the industrial production sector. Rome is a magnet for those who set—up production activities in the more advanced regions of the peninsula; it offers a multitude of opportunities especially for those who decide to invest their capital in the building trade. In the traditional sectors such as the food industry and printing industry, but also in advanced sectors, such as the chemical-pharmaceutical and mechanical industries, traders have developed mostly outside the regional area, leaving the possibility of winning any market shares to just a few other local dealers. On the contrary to the situation in other zones of the former Papal area, such as the Marche region, local businessmen only rise above the rank of small craftsmen without going through rural zones, the sign of an abnormal path in the panorama of emancipation of the pre—industrial system. The internal capital development sector is an entrepreneurial one that comes exclusively "from the bottom" of the social rank and that is formed through the culture of "learning by doing", which does not belong to one single entrepreneurial profile.