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Abstract:  THE VISCONTI: A ROMAN “LICEO” IN THE LIBERL PERIOD (1870-1911) On the 20th of November 1870, with a decree by the King’s Lieutenant Lamarmora, the “liceo” and a grammar school “E.Q. Visconti”- the capital’s first lay institute- was founded. Right from the beginning, important names characterized the social background of the Visconti. The school created common relationships and spread common cultural values, and transformed into a means of socialization for the future intellectual, political and administrative elite. Until the Riforma Gentile, due to its prestige, it constituted a centre for didactic elaboration and experimentation for the reform of the regulations brought in by the Casati law (13 November 1859). In this context, the only female grammar school in Rome was established in the Visconti in 1890. A further distinctive element was the fact that the Visconti was the only Italian governmental institute with its own patrimony and administrative autonomy.