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Abstract: It is not possible to identify the medieval topography of the plain below the Aventine hill with any clarity, due to the scarcity of available sources. It can, in short, be said that parts of the area fell into a premature depression at the end of the 3rd century. Nonetheless, the abandonment of this area did not mean and end to all commercial activity which, as it’s size diminished, continued to maintained some vitality until the beginning of the 7th century. It was after this period that substantial changes began to take place which were destined to transform the plain into an urban agricultural area. After the 10th century, sources begin to mention the presence of ecclesiastical buildings, which increase in number during the high medieval period, suggesting that the area was once again inhabited, and probably included private residences. This landscape, characterised by the presence of large cultivated areas, would remain substantially unchanged until the end of the 19th century.