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Abstract:  FROM LAND ESTATES TO CONSTRUCTION WORK PAOLO BORGHESE’S SPECULATIVE TRANSACTIONS IN ROME AT THE END OT THE NINETEENTH CENTURY The article discusses a significant moment in the economic and social life of Rome at the end of the nineteenth century, whence the new investment opportunities following the city’s urban development and expansion were employed by prince Paolo Borghese to finance the creation of a new neighborhood in the stead of “Villa Ludovisi”. Such an operation mobilized a considerable sum of money gathered through loans and mortgages that up to then had been concentrated in vast landed estates. Herein, one will find the causes that urged the prince to mortgage his properties in order to invest in the construction sector, as well as the outcomes of this issue in the framework of strategies adopted by banks such as, The Land Credit of the National Bank of the Kingdom, The bank of Naples, The Savings Bank of Rome, and Monte dei Paschi di Siena. The research bases its founding, beside the literature study of the time, upon the Borghese family archive, found in the Vatican’s Secret Archive, and the documents registered with the Settlement Office of the Historical Archives of the Bank of Italy.