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Abstract:  SUBJECTS, TRIBUNALS AND JUDGES IN BAROQUE ROME For the pontiffs of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, justice had a fundamental meaning for the creation of an efficient, centralized and rational government both in Rome and in the other provinces of Ecclesiastical State. According to this project, which had also been theorized by the propaganda and ideas of the counter reformation, the eternal city was to become the concrete example of fair and superior justice. In reality, however, as we can infer from the correspondence between the central organism and their peripheral judiciary offices and also through the requests of individuals, there were different treatments for different subjects and corruption as well as structural deficiencies in the various judiciary institutions. The pope and his family often had to intervene in order to mediate in the conflicts between different institutions.